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Source: Michael Strasser: Designed in Japan, Assembled in Austria (2008, Installation), A

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Record-keeping as an ethical imperative: Journal of the Society of Archivists, Vol. 27, No. 1. (April 2006), pp. 17-27.

Source: Journal of the Society of Archivists, Vol. 27, No. 1. (April 2006), pp. 17-27.
Professional ethics and practice in archives and records management in a human rights context *: Journal of the Society of Archivists, Vol. 27, No. 1. (April 2006), pp. 1-15.

Source: Journal of the Society of Archivists, Vol. 27, No. 1. (April 2006), pp. 1-15.
Core stability exercises on and off a Swiss ball.: Arch Phys Med Rehabil, Vol. 86, No. 2. (February 2005), pp. 242-249.OBJECT IVES: To assess lumbopelvic muscle activity during different core stability exercises on and off a Swiss ball. DESIGN: Prospective comparison study. SETTING: Research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Eight healthy volunteers from a university population. INTERVENTION: Subjects performed 4 exercises on and off a Swiss ball: inclined press-up, upper body roll-out, single-leg hold, and quadruped exercise. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Surface electromyograp hy from selected lumbopelvic muscles, normalized to maximum voluntary isometric contraction, and median frequency analysis of electromyograp hy power spectrum. Visual analog scale for perception of task difficulty. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the activation of the rectus abdominus with performance of the single-leg hold and at the top of the press-up on the Swiss ball. This led to changes in the relation between the activation levels of the lumbopelvic muscles measured. CONCLUSIONS: Although there was evidence to suggest that the Swiss ball provides a training stimulus for the rectus abdominus, the relevance of this change to core stability training requires further research because the focus of stabilization training is on minimizing rectus abdominus activity. Further support has also been provided about the quality of the quadruped exercise for core stability.

Source: Arch Phys Med Rehabil, Vol. 86, No. 2. (February 2005), pp. 242-249.
The extant core bacterial proteome is an archive of the origin of life.: Proteomics, Vol. 7, No. 6. (March 2007), pp. 875-889.Genes consistently present in a clique of genomes, preferring the leading DNA strands are deemed persistent. The persistent bacterial proteome organises around intermediary and RNA metabolism, and RNA-related information transfer, with a significant contribution to compartmentali sation. Despite inevitable losses during evolution, the extant persistent proteome displays functions present early on. Proteins coded by genes staying clustered in a majority of genomes constitute a network of mutual attraction made up of three concentric circles. The outer one, mostly devoted to metabolism, breaks into small pieces and fades away. The second, more continuous, one organises around class I tRNA synthetases. The well-connected inner circle comprises the ribosome and information transfer. This reflects the progressive construction of cells, starting from the metabolism of coenzymes, nucleotides and fatty acids-related molecules. Subsequently, a core set of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases scaffolded around RNA, connected to cell division machinery and organised metabolism around translation. This remarkable organisation reflects the evolution of life from small molecules metabolism to the RNA world, suggesting that extant microorganisms carry the marks of the ancient processes that created life. Further analysis suggests that RNA degradation, associated to the presence of iron, still plays a role in extant metabolism, including the evolution of genome structures.

Source: Proteomics, Vol. 7, No. 6. (March 2007), pp. 875-889.
Comparative Bacterial Proteomics: Analysis of the Core Genome Concept: PLoS ONE, Vol. 3, No. 2. (6 February 2008), e1542.While comparative bacterial genomic studies commonly predict a set of genes indicative of common ancestry, experimental validation of the existence of this core genome requires extensive measurement and is typically not undertaken. Enabled by an extensive proteome database developed over six years, we have experimentally verified the expression of proteins predicted from genomic ortholog comparisons among 17 environmental and pathogenic bacteria. More exclusive relationships were observed among the expressed protein content of phenotypically related bacteria, which is indicative of the specific lifestyles associated with these organisms. Although genomic studies can establish relative orthologous relationships among a set of bacteria and propose a set of ancestral genes, our proteomics study establishes expressed lifestyle differences among conserved genes and proposes a set of expressed ancestral traits.

Source: PLoS ONE, Vol. 3, No. 2. (6 February 2008), e1542.
Core affect, prototypical emotional episodes, and other things called emotion: dissecting the elephant.: Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol. 76, No. 5. (May 1999), pp. 805-819.What is the structure of emotion? Emotion is too broad a class of events to be a single scientific category, and no one structure suffices. As an illustration, core affect is distinguished from prototypical emotional episode. Core affect refers to consciously accessible elemental processes of pleasure and activation, has many causes, and is always present. Its structure involves two bipolar dimensions. Prototypical emotional episode refers to a complex process that unfolds over time, involves causally connected subevents (antecedent; appraisal; physiological, affective, and cognitive changes; behavioral response; self-categoriz ation), has one perceived cause, and is rare. Its structure involves categories (anger, fear, shame, jealousy, etc.) vertically organized as a fuzzy hierarchy and horizontally organized as part of a circumplex.

Source: Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol. 76, No. 5. (May 1999), pp. 805-819.
Carbon solubility in mantle minerals: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 245, No. 3-4. (30 May 2006), pp. 730-742.The solubility of carbon in olivine, enstatite, diopside, pyrope, MgAl2O4 spinel, wadsleyite, ringwoodite, MgSiO3-ilmenit e and MgSiO3-perovsk ite has been quantified. Carbon-saturat ed crystals were grown from carbonatite melts at 900-1400 [deg]C and 1.5 to ~ 26 GPa in piston cylinder or multi-anvil presses using carbon enriched to > 99% in the 13C isotope. In upper mantle silicates, carbon solubility increases as a function of pressure to a maximum of ~ 12 ppm by weight in olivine at 11 GPa. No clear dependence of carbon solubility on temperature, oxygen fugacity or iron content was observed. The observation that carbon solubility in olivine is insensitive to oxygen fugacity implies that the oxidation state of carbon in the carbonatite melt and in olivine is the same, i.e., carbon dissolves as C4+ in olivine. Carbon solubility in spinel MgAl2O4, transition zone minerals (wadsleyite and ringwoodite), MgSiO3-ilmenit e and MgSiO3-perovsk ite are below the limit of detection of our SIMS-based analytical technique (i.e., below 30-200 ppb by weight). The differences in carbon solubilities between the various minerals studied appear to correlate with the polyhedral volume of the Si4+ site, consistent with a direct substitution of C4+ for Si4+. These results show that other, minor carbon-rich phases, rather than major, nominally volatile-free minerals, dominate the carbon budget within the bulk Earth's mantle. A significant fraction of total carbon could only be stored in silicates in a thin zone in the lowermost upper mantle, just above the transition zone, and only if the bulk carbon content is at the lower limit of published estimates. The carbon budget of the remaining mantle is dominated by carbonates and possibly diamond. The low melting point of carbonates and the high mobility of carbonate melts suggest that carbon distribution in the mantle may be highly heterogeneous, including the possibility of massive carbon enrichments on a local scale, particularly in the shallow subcontinental mantle.

Source: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 245, No. 3-4. (30 May 2006), pp. 730-742.
Technology as experience: interactions, Vol. 11, No. 5. (2004), pp. 42-43.

Source: interactions, Vol. 11, No. 5. (2004), pp. 42-43.
Waning of the Middle Ages: (28 June 1990)In 1919, Johan Huizinga revealed in the original version of this book that the ideals, aspirations, and behaviors of humanity in history were dramatically different from those in present day. In Herfsttjj der Middeleeuwen, he recalled the waning years of the Middle Ages--the low countries in northern Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries--and argued against those who claimed that human belief systems remain the same even if contexts change. His account rested not on historical fact, but on the emotions and ambitions of the people as expressed through the art and literature of their culture. Many people treated the book as groundbreaking work, and it was translated into English in 1924. This new translation is a complete, more direct version of the original and allows modern readers a full appreciation of life in an era rarely revisited.

Source: (28 June 1990)
Reformation : Europe's house divided, 1490-1700: (02 September 2004)The Reformation and Counter-Reform ation represented the greatest upheaval in Western society since the collapse of the Roman Empire a millennium before. The consequences of those shattering events are still felt today?from the stark divisions between (and within) Catholic and Protestant countries to the Protestant ideology that governs America, the world?s only remaining superpower. In this masterful history, Diarmaid MacCulloch conveys the drama, complexity, and continuing relevance of these events. He offers vivid portraits of the most significant individuals?Lu ther, Calvin, Zwingli, Loyola, Henry VIII, and a number of popes?but also conveys why their ideas were so powerful and how the Reformation affected everyday lives. The result is a landmark book that will be the standard work on the Reformation for years to come. The narrative verve of The Reformation as well as its provocative analysis of American culture?s debt to the period will ensure the book?s wide appeal among history readers. Diarmaid MacCulloch wrote what is widely considered to be the authoritative account of the Reformation?a critical juncture in the history of Christianity. "It is impossible to understand modern Europe without understanding these sixteenth-cent ury upheavals in Latin Christianity," he writes. "They represented the greatest fault line to appear in Christian culture since the Latin and Greek halves of the Roman Empire went their separate ways a thousand years before; they produced a house divided." The resulting split between the Catholics and Protestants still divides Christians throughout the Western world. It affects interpretation s of the Bible, beliefs about baptisms, and event how much authority is given to religious leaders. The division even fuels an ongoing war. What makes MacCulloch's account rise above previous attempts to interpret the Reformation is the breadth of his research. Rather than limit his narrative to the actions of key theologians and leaders of the era?Luther, Zingli, Calvin, Loyola, Cranmer, Henry VIII and numerous popes?MacCullo ch sweeps his narrative across the culture, politics and lay people of Renaissance Western Europe. This broad brush approach touches upon many fascinating discussions surrounding the Reformation, including his belief that the Latin Church was probably not as "corrupt and ineffective" as Protestants tend to portray it. In fact, he asserts that it "generally satisfied the spiritual needs of the late medieval people." As a historical document, this 750-page narrative has all the key ingredients. MacCulloch, a professor of history as the Church of Oxford University, is an articulate and vibrant writer with a strong guiding intelligence. The structure is sensible?start ing with the main characters who influenced reforms, then spreading out to the regional concerns, and social intellectual themes of the era. He even fast forwards into American Christianity?s howing how this historical era influences modern times. MacCulloch is a topnotch historian?unco vering material and theories that will seem fresh and inspired to Reformation scholars as well as lay readers. --Gail Hudson

Source: (02 September 2004)

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